Helminthosis is the most common disease on the planet.Parasites lived even before our existence and easily adapt to any climate change.
Some parasites in the human body are adjacent to us all their lives and do not cause great health problems.But most species destroy the host’s body and cause various pathologies.
The danger of helminthiasis for humans
Parasitic agents multiply and live in the host’s body, causing significant changes in the body.This leads to the development of chronic diseases that constantly recur.
Localization of parasites can be in any part of the human body, but more often helminths settle in organs:
- Gastrointestinal tract
- In the joints,
- In the muscles,
- In the liver and kidneys,
- In the organs of vision,
- In the lungs,
- Blood system.
Most types of helminths prefer to live in the intestines, but with acute invasion, parasites are forced to migrate.Moving around the body, parasites cripple the organs that are found in their path.Migration can provoke improper treatment with folk methods.
Home methods are based on eating bitter herbs and substances that are not to the taste of worms.The simplest is sent from the intestines in search of a more suitable environment for their life.
The body of a sick person is more susceptible to various diseases, the immune system loses its functionality. An infected person is more likely to suffer from viral and infectious diseases.
The human body reacts acutely to the remains of the vital activity of parasites.The victim has symptoms of intoxication, an allergic reaction is exacerbated.The processes occurring in the body after infection are not a fleeting nature, and a person may not notice a parasitic agent for years.
Types of helminths
Parasites that cause a person’s health problems are divided into three groups:
- The simplest or protozoal parasites.This group includes toxoplasmosis, giardia, trichomonade.The protozoa settles inside the human cells and, multiplying, destroy it.The method of transmitting household and sexual.
- Helminths - worms or larvae that settle inside the human body.Among the most common stands out: bull tapeworm, pinworms, toxocars, ascarides, pinworms.Methods of transmission: household, through insects, animals or dirty land.
- Ectoparasites - live outside the human body: ticks, lice, lichen.The main source of nutrition is human blood.Wounds appear on the skin, bites itch and hurt.The danger in various infections that they spread: typhoid, encephalitis.
The most difficult to treat and diagnosis is Helminths infection.It is important to recognize the signs of parasites in your body and know their main types.
Nematodes
In another way, nematodes are called round worms.He got his name because of the shape of the body.There are more than 45 varieties of nematodes inside a person.The parasite easily spreads through personal hygiene items and unwashed vegetables or fruits.The size of a round worm, depending on the variety, starts from several millimeters and ends with tens of centimeters.
Among the most common round worms stand out:
- Tips - the main place of habitat - the intestines of a person, the length of the worm up to 1 cm. When infected, a person manifests symptoms: violation of the gastrointestinal tract, exhaustion, anemia, sleep disorder.
- Askarides - the length of the worm reaches 30 cm, it is able to migrate and settle in various parts of the body.When infected, a person manifests symptoms: an allergic reaction, anemia, asthma, dermatitis are exacerbated.Once in the eye or liver, ascarides can lead to serious diseases.
- Trichinella is a worm size only 2-3 mm, the main habitat is the intestines.When infected, it causes the following complications in a person: swelling, an allergic reaction, violation of the digestive tract, fever.
- Vlashev - lives in the gastrointestinal tract, the size of an adult individual up to 4.5 cm. In a person, the parasite causes: anemia, weakness, poisoning of the body.
The severity of the disease is associated with the number of parasitic agents in the body, their species and localization.
Trematodes
Tremontodes have a flat body.All types of trematodes have suction cups with which they are fixed to the walls of the internal organs.Blood parasites feed on
useful substances and other secrets.In the human body, only adults parasitize.
Before infection of a person, the Trematod passes an intermediate stage of his life in the body of another owner: in fish, animal, insect.The human body most often enters along with poorly treated foods.
Among the common species, trematodes are distinguished:
- Opistorch or feline bacon - the body of the worm has a length of only 1-2 cm, the main localization: the ducts of the pancreas, the gall bladder, and the liver.A person causes diseases: gastritis, ulcer, cholecystitis, pancreatitis.Transmitted from animals to humans.Due to localization in hard-to-reach places, the parasite is difficult to diagnose.
- Strongigiloid or eating intestinal - small flat worm, long up to 2 mm.Sets in the digestive tract.After infection, a person manifest pathologies: anemia, asthma, bronchitis, asthenia, infertility.
All types of trematodes easily migrate throughout the body, cause mechanical damage to the internal organs of a person.
Cestodes
Parasitic strip worm, which settles in the gastrointestinal tract of a person.The length of the cestodes reaches several tens of meters.A person gets from an intermediate host - a large animal: a cow, a horse.Larvae fall into the human body from poorly fried animal meat, which a person eats for food.
Among the most common types of strip worm stands out:
- Wide tape - lives in the thin section of the intestine.In length can reach 3-5 m. In humans, causes diseases: anemia, intestinal obstruction, digestive disorders.
- Pork chain - settles in the intestines of a person.In length, the strip worm reaches 7-8 m. The patient manifests: obstruction of the esophagus, intoxication, cystiscose.
- Gull Taper is the largest of human parasites.In length, the worm can reach 18 m. A person has intestinal obstruction, excitability, allergies.
Larvae of all types of cestoda are able to damage the internal organs and provoke the appearance of a tumor.
Sources of infection
The main type of transmission of helminthiasis is household.Among the possible sources of infection, they stand out:
- Personal hygiene things: towel, toothbrush, comb, bedding,
- Dirty hands,
- Toilets in public places,
- Insufficiently processed meat or fish,
- Unwashed vegetables, berries and fruits,
- Unsuccessed water from a crane or an open source,
- Unprocessed animal.
Some types of parasites are transmitted sexually.These include trichomoniasis.
To prevent infection, it is necessary to observe personal hygiene and wash your hands with soap several times a day.In the absence of water and soap, it is recommended to treat the hands with an antiseptic solution.
Vegetables and fruits before meals are washed in running water.Apples, pears and other fruits that are used with the peel, it is recommended to rinse with a special tool or household soap.Animals in the house every 6 months are treated from helminths using special drugs.Boil water before drinking, a young child is given a special from bottles.
Once a week, the children are trimmed with nails.Dirt under the nails is cleansed every day.It is easier to clean the nails with an old toothbrush or a special file.
Symptoms of helminthiasis
The clinic of damage to internal organs differs depending on the localization of parasites in the body.But there are general symptoms that appear when infected with any type of agents.
Intoxication
By parasitizing in the human body, Helmint leaves products of its life.The patient receives poisoning, which is manifested by the following symptoms:
- Headache,
- Nausea,
- Weakness,
- A decrease in appetite,
- Nervousness.
Allergy
An allergic reaction manifests itself at the initial stage in the form of a skin rash, which is difficult to treat.After treatment, the rash disappears, but after a certain time it manifests itself again.In young children, diathesic rashes are observed on the cheeks, neck, in the groin and armpits.Skin rashes are explained by the toxins that the helminths distinguish.
In allergies or asthmatics, parasites can cause swelling of the mucosa, spasms of the bronchi, asthma attacks.
Weight change
When infected with Helminths, a person can lose weight.The loss of body weight is associated with the struggle for nutrients that the parasite consumes.But small parasitic agents can provoke weight gain.Once in the bloodstream, unicellular disrupt blood circulation, and the metabolism in the body slows down.In a person, swelling manifests itself, weight is growing.
Hyperthermia
Against the background of secondary pathologies in a patient with helminthiasis, the temperature rises to 37.5 degrees periodically.The temperature rises for no apparent reason and is accompanied by weakness, general malaise.A person experiences fatigue, he wants to sleep all the time.The symptom passes independently, also unexpectedly as it appeared.
Disorders in the digestive tract
Digestive disorders are associated with intoxication of the body and the development of parasites in the intestines. Symptoms resemble dysbiosis, and incorrect treatment is prescribed to the patient.
In case of violation of the digestive tract, symptoms are observed:
- Bloating of the stomach,
- Unstable chair (diarrhea and constipation),
- Heartburn,
- Pain in the stomach.
Anemia
A parasitic agent feeds on nutrients that are intended to the owner.A person does not receive the required number of vitamins and minerals.The indicator of iron in the blood falls.The patient experiences weakness, general malaise.The skin and mucous membrane are pale.The poor condition is accompanied by dizziness and frequent fainting.
When any of these symptoms appears, it is worth contacting specialists and undergoing a complete examination of the body for helminths.
Diagnosis of the disease
Before prescribing treatment, it is necessary to determine what type of parasite the body is infected and where the worm is localized.Most drugs are developed to combat a specific type of helminth.There are universal drugs, but their effectiveness is lower, and they have more side effects.
The type of pathogen is determined by the following types of examinations:
- Analysis of feces for parasite eggs,
- General blood test,
- Immunoferment test of blood,
- Smear,
- Analysis of the secret of the duodenum,
- Ultrasound of the gastrointestinal tract and liver,
- Tomography.
Tomography is prescribed if the rest of the research methods did not make it possible to present a complete picture of infection.
With a negative result, some research methods are prescribed again.The easiest way to determine the presence of an adult parasite in the human body.During the incubation period, analyzes show a negative result.
When diagnosing the parasite, the doctor will immediately prescribe suitable treatment.
Helminthosis therapy
Treatment of helminthiasis is multi -stage and will take time from the patient.At the first stage, the body should be prepared and cleaned of accumulated toxins.The patient is prescribed sorbents.Cleaning the body of toxins lasts at least five days.
At the second stage, antiparasitic agents are prescribed to the patient.It is better if the drug is selected individually for a certain type of parasite.
The stage of firing parasites is carried out in two courses.The first course will kill adults of helminths in the human body.After 10-14 days, adult worms will be replaced by new ones that will hatch from the layered eggs.The second course will kill new individuals.
The most important is the restoration - the third stage of treatment.At the third stage, the digestive tract, liver and immune system is restored.The patient is prescribed a course of sorbing drugs.After taking sorbents, it is recommended to take drugs that help in the digestive tract.The drugs are food enzymes and help to absorb food.The dosage is selected individually depending on the weight of the patient and secondary diseases.
Polyvitamins are added at the same time.As well as drugs to maintain immunity.
Any therapy is carried out under the supervision of a specialist.If helminthiasis is caused by infection with saucers or tape parasites, then therapy is carried out in the hospital.Removing parasites of some species requires surgical intervention.
Folk methods of treatment
All anthelmintic drugs are toxic and contraindicated for pregnant women.You can drive out parasites with folk methods that have no side effects.
Plants have a pronounced anti -anthillus: tansy, wormwood, linen, cloves, ginger.
A popular preparation based on herbs is a triple herbal collection.The drug is simply made at home: mixed in equal parts (1 teaspoon) of tansy, wormwood, 10 pcs.Cloves.The ingredients are used dry.Everything is grinded and mixed.1 teaspoon of the product is taken per day, washed down with a large amount of water.
Effective enemas from infusion of wormwood and tansy.Enemas are performed within 10 days before bedtime.At the same time, 3 tablespoons of the infusion are taken inside.
Fresh ginger helps to expel parasites.The root is crushed and consumed 1 teaspoon three times a day.To improve the taste of ginger, 1 teaspoon of honey and a few drops of lemon juice are added to the mixture.
The pumpkin helps to drive parasites.Its taste is pleasant, but I don't like Helminths.In therapy, pumpkin oil, infusion of seeds and pumpkin pulp are used.
A homemade triple or pumpkin oil is drank as a preventive measure every six months.
During treatment, the patient adheres to a certain nutrition: from the diet they are excluded: sugar, flour and yeast -containing products, milk, butter.The main part of the menu is made up of vegetables and dairy products.
Any types of parasites strike the body and, after the expulsion of helminths, proceed to the treatment of secondary pathologies.
Any treatment should be controlled by a specialist who will determine the type of helminth and select an effective drug for treatment.